Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the biotech firm Nimblegen Systems Inc. have successfully tested a technique for identifying newly recognized DNA variations that may influence disease risk. Rather than focus on errors and alterations in DNA sequence, the new technique highlights variations in the number of copies of a particular gene. Additional copies of a gene may lead to overproduction of that gene's prot...Tuesday, 30-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
University of Florida engineering student Maria Palazuelos is working on nanotechnology, but she's not seeking a better sunscreen, tougher golf club or other product - the focus of many engineers in the field.Instead, Palazuelos, a doctoral student in chemical engineering, is probing the potentially harmful effects of nanotechnology by testing how ultra-small particles may adversely affect living cells, organisms and the environment. But this is no ...Tuesday, 30-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
Since 1995 there has been a considerable increase in the number of infections with a specific type of Salmonella bacteria transmitted via food. This type, Salmonella serovar Typhimurium DT104, is resistant to at least five different antibiotics. Dutch researcher Armand Hermans found new genetic information in DNA of DT104 that might be involved in its survival and infection mechanism. This genetic information might also be involved in the increase in the number of infections caused by this patho...Tuesday, 30-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
Bioengineering researchers at UC San Diego have painstakingly assembled a virtual human metabolic network that will give researchers a new way to hunt for better treatments for hundreds of human metabolic disorders, from diabetes to high levels of cholesterol in the blood. This first-of-its-kind metabolic network builds on the sequencing of the human genome and contains more than 3,300 known human biochemical transformations that have been document...Tuesday, 30-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
How many genes influence a complex trait, like weight, height or body type? And why does the answer matter?Among other reasons, because the "Green Revolution" that multiplied crop yields has to be followed by a "Blue Revolution" in ocean farming, according to marine biologists at the University of Southern California."We're going to have to make future decisions as a society how to provide enough food for a growing population," said Do...Tuesday, 30-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
Scientists at Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine have developed a new type of buckyball nanoparticle that acts as a passkey, allowing peptide-based drugs to enter cancer cells. The new buckyballs, known as bucky amino acids, are made of a buckyball linked to the amino acid phenylalanine and were designed to mimic viruses capable of penetrating the cell membrane. This work was published in the journal Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry. "Drugs are far more effective if they're ...Monday, 29-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
One approach to developing tumor-specific drug delivery agents is to create nanomaterials that release a therapeutic payload only after reaching their intended target. Researchers at the University of Aarhus, in Denmark, have taken such an approach to develop nanocarriers that can be triggered to deliver genes to diseased tissues.Reporting its work in the journal Small, a team of investigators led by Kenneth Howard, Ph.D., and Flemming Besenbacher, Ph.D., described how they developed a te...Monday, 29-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
Dendrimers, highly branched, spherical polymers, have demonstrated their utility as drug and imaging agent delivery vehicles for use in detecting and treating cancer, with several dendrimer-based agents nearing human clinical trials. Now, researchers at Tel-Aviv University in Israel have developed a second-generation dendrimer that will disintegrate upon command, releasing all of its drug payload in a single dose. These so-called self-immolating dendrimers could prove useful for delivering massi...Monday, 29-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
Molecular complexes containing the element gadolinium are proven agents for increasing the diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but their use in detecting small tumors is limited by the relatively weak signal these agents produce. In order to produce a more powerful MRI contrast agent, investigators at the Université Claude Bernard Lyon in France, have developed a method for attaching multiple gadolinium atoms to the surface of gold nanoparticles. Reporting its w...Monday, 29-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
Using a biodegradable nanoparticle as a means of delivering tumor cell debris and proteins to the immune system, investigators at Yale University have developed a promising new method for creating therapeutic anticancer vaccines. This work appears in the journal Molecular Pharmaceutics.To test whether these nanoparticle delivery vehicles could stimulate a meaningful immune response to tumor antigens, the investigators encapsulated the melanoma-associated protein known as gp100 and adminis...Monday, 29-Jan-2007 / [ Details... ]
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